Open Access

Knowledge, Wisdom and Moral Action – A Philosophical Inquiry

4 Professor Department of Philosophy Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura, India

Abstract

Knowledge, wisdom, and moral action are the inter-related dimensions of human experience which have been an important subject matter of philosophy from the ancient times up to date. Knowledge refers to the learning and understanding of facts, principles, and realities; wisdom is concerned with the wise and prudent use of knowledge to live meaningfully and fully; and moral action relates to the manifestation of ethical judgments through actions. The current philosophical research deals with the relation between these three terms and tries to find out whether knowledge and wisdom always result in good moral actions. This research will critically analyze the classical and contemporary philosophical views on the matter, including ideas of Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, and other contemporary thinkers in ethics. Virtue equals knowledge as per Socrates; the understanding of the idea of wisdom by Plato; practical wisdom of Aristotle and rational autonomy of Immanuel Kant all will be helpful in exploring the connection between intellectual comprehension and ethical actions. The inquiry claims that simply having knowledge does not necessarily mean that one is morally compelled to act morally. Knowledge entails critical thinking, ethics, self-awareness, and ability to judge consequences and values. Moral behavior arises when knowledge and wisdom are coupled with moral accountability and decision making. Hence, the present philosophical inquiry suggests that a good balance between knowledge, wisdom, and moral action is important for personal growth, good citizenship, and formation of an ideal and humane society. The conclusion made by the paper is that wisdom is demonstrated through responsible actions based on one’s knowledge about truth.

Keywords

References

Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI, especially 1140a–1141b, where practical wisdom is connected with human good, deliberation, and moral action, Translated by J. A. Smith, MIT Classics Archive, 1894, pp. pp. 143–144.
Zeller, Eduard. Socrates and the Socratic Schools. Translated by Oscar J. Reichel, Longmans, Green, and Co., 1877, p. 140.
Ayer, A. J. The Problem of Knowledge. London: Macmillan, 1956, p. 34.
Zeller, Eduard. Socrates and the Socratic Schools. Translated by Oswald J. Reichel, Longmans, Green, and Co., 1877, p. 141. Zeller explains that Socrates connects knowledge directly with virtue and right action. The source states that, for Socrates, right knowledge makes right action possible, while knowledge is understood as central to genuine morality.
Amartya Sen, Development as Freedom. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1999, p. 18.
Ifenthaler, Dirk, and Ria Hanewald, editors. Digital Knowledge Maps in Education: Technology-Enhanced Support for Teachers and Learners. Springer, 2013, pp. 175–193.
Radhakrishnan, S. The Idealist View of Life. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1932, p. 53.
Nozick, Robert. The Examined Life: Philosophical Meditations. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989, p. 269.
Russell, Bertrand. The Problems of Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 1912, pp. 1–8.
Plato, Apology, 21d–22e, translated by Harold North Fowler, Plato in Twelve Volumes, Vol. 1. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1966, pp. 105–115.
Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics. Translated by W. D. Ross, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1925, Book VI, Chapters 5-7, 1925, pp. 139–141.
Radhakrishnan, S. An Idealist View of Life. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1932, p. 30.
Aristotle. Metaphysics, Book I, Chapter 2, 982a. Translated by W. D. Ross. In The Basic Works of Aristotle, edited by Richard McKeon, New York: Random House, 1941, p. 691.
Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics. Translated by H. Rackham, Harvard University Press, 1934, Book VI, Chapters 5, 12–13, pp. 305–315.
Radhakrishnan, S. β€œThe Ethics of the Vedanta.” International Journal of Ethics, vol. 24, no. 2, 1914,p. 172.
Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics. Translated by W. D. Ross, Oxford University Press, Book II, 1925, pp. 1103a–1104b.
Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. Translated by W. D. Ross, Oxford University Press, 1925, Book VI, Chapter 5, pp. 140–141.
Plato. Protagoras. Translated by C. C. W. Taylor, Oxford University Press, 1996, pp. 39–40 (352b–358d).
Plato. Republic. Translated by G. M. A. Grube, revised by C. D. C. Reeve, 2nd ed., Hackett Publishing Company, 1992, pp. 157–160.
Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics. Translated by H. Rackham, Harvard University Press, Book VI, ch. 5, 1934, pp. 105–106.
Kant, Immanuel. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Translated and edited by Mary Gregor, Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Mill, John Stuart. Utilitarianism. Edited by George Sher, 2nd ed., Hackett Publishing Company, 2001, p. 10.
Radhakrishnan, S. Indian Philosophy, Volume I. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1923, pp. 343–345.
Plato. The Republic. Translated by G. M. A. Grube, revised by C. D. C. Reeve, Hackett Publishing Company, 1992, p. 154 (Book IV, 441c–442b).
Plato. Apology. Translated by G. M. A. Grube. In Plato: Complete Works, edited by John M. Cooper, Hackett Publishing, 1997, p. 38a.
UNESCO. Reimagining Our Futures Together: A New Social Contract for Education. UNESCO, Paris, 2021, p. 7.
Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics. Translated by W. D. Ross, Book VI,. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980, pp. 1140a–1141b.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.