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Integrated Weed Management Framework for Enhancing Yield and Economic Returns of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Rainfed Subtropical Conditions of the Jammu Region

DOI https://doi.org/10.55640/corr-v04i04-05
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Dr. Hassan Raza 1 , Prof. Ayesha Khan 1 ,
4 Department of Research Policy and Analytics National Institute of Scientific Evaluation, Islamabad, Pakistan
4 Center for Academic Integrity Studies University of Digital Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity in rainfed subtropical regions is critically constrained by weed infestation, inefficient herbicide use, and declining soil fertility, leading to significant yield and economic losses. This study develops an integrated weed management (IWM) framework designed to optimize weed suppression, enhance crop productivity, and improve profitability under the agro-ecological conditions of the Jammu region. The framework synthesizes chemical, mechanical, and agronomic weed control strategies, supported by evidence from multi-location crop response studies emphasizing adaptive management under climate variability (Braun, H. J., Atlin, G. and T. Payne.2010. Multi-location testing as a tool to identify plant response to global climate change. In: Reynolds, M.P. (Ed.) Climate Change and Crop Production (pp. 115-138). CABI Climate Change Series, Surrey, UK.).

The approach integrates herbicide mixtures, optimized tillage practices, and nutrient management interventions to reduce weed competition and enhance wheat resilience. Literature synthesis indicates that herbicide-based control combined with agronomic optimization significantly improves weed suppression and yield stability (Chhokar, R. S., Sharma, R. K., Jat, G. R., Pundir, A. K. and M. K. Gathala.2007. Effect of tillage and herbicides on weeds and productivity of wheat under riceā€“wheat growing system. Crop Protection, 26: 1689-1696.). Additionally, micronutrient supplementation and foliar fertilization contribute to improved crop vigor and competitiveness against weeds (Fageria, N. K., Barbosa Filho, M. P., Moreira, A. and C. M. GuimaraĢƒes.2009. Foliar fertilization of crop plants. J. Plant Nutr,32: 1044-1064.).

The proposed framework also accounts for climate-driven variability in weed dynamics and crop response, emphasizing adaptive decision-making in rainfed ecosystems (Braun, H. J., Atlin, G. and T. Payne.2010). Economic analysis highlights that integrated approaches provide higher benefitā€“cost ratios compared to conventional herbicide-only practices. The study concludes that a systems-based IWM strategy is essential for sustainable wheat production in subtropical rainfed environments.

Keywords

Integrated weed management, Wheat productivity, Herbicide mixture, Rainfed agriculture

References

Braun, H. J., Atlin, G. and T. Payne.2010. Multi-location testing as a tool to identify plant response to global climate change. In: Reynolds, M.P. (Ed.) Climate Change and Crop Production (pp. 115-138). CABI Climate Change Series, Surrey, UK.
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