Brucellosis is a widespread zoonosis mainly transmitted from cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and camels through direct contact with blood, placenta fetuses, or uterine secretion or through consumption of the contaminated raw animal product (especially unpasteurized milk and soft cheeses) in endemic areas. Therefore, the objective of this review paper are to explain the Current Epidemiological Aspects of Brucellosis and the Importance of Smallruminant Brucellosis for Public Health and briefly illustrate the Economic Importance of Smallruminant Brucellosis.Sources of infection include aborted fetuses, fetal membranes, vaginal discharges and milk from infected sheep and goat. Brucellosis is caused by facultative, intracellular and Gram- negative bacteria called Brucella. Small ruminant brucellosis is caused by B. ovis (for sheep) and B. melitensis (mainly for goats), the latter one is the most virulent species of the Brucella genus. The disease in naturally infected sheep and goats is characterized by abortion in the last trimester of pregnancy, stillbirth and birth of weak offspring in females, and acute orchitis and epididymitis in males. Brucellosis occurs worldwide in domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, camels and pigs and creates a high economic problem for both the intensive and extensive livestock production system in the tropics and a threat to public health. Diagnostic tests fall into two categories: those that demonstrate the presence of the organisms and those that detect an immune response to its antigens. As a general rule, treatment of infected livestock is not attempted because of the high treatment failure rate, cost, and potential problems related to maintaining infected animals in the face of ongoing eradication programs. To control the disease in human, prevention of the disease in reservoir host is important, so test and slaughter followed by proper disposal of seropositive animals to decrease the incidence of infection and effective vaccination and hygienic practices would reduce the disease spreading in/from endemic regions.and to lessen the economic and zoonotic effects of brucellosis, the government, public health officials, and veterinarians must collaborate.

Background and aims. Through this study, 60 shawarma sandwiches collected that are regularly served to customers in Al-Bayda city restaurants, and from most of the 12 well-known restaurants in Al-Bayda city that specialize in selling shawarma, after the samples were transferred to the laboratory through designated, sterile boxes, their contamination with salmonella was then examined. Salmonella was isolated from some sandwiches taken from 5 different restaurants (8%), and E. coli bacteria was also isolated from some sandwiches. This gives us a clear and dangerous indicator and explains the spread of numerous cases of food poisoning, and that this type of food tends to become contaminated easily, especially in the absence of control. Health and health inspections and non-compliance with health procedures by restaurant workers. Through preliminary observation of all restaurants from which samples were taken, it was found that there were no health requirements. Therefore, we recommended taking strict measures by the competent authorities to preserve human health, especially with the spread of food poisoning diseases, and to ensure the safety of food consumers. Restaurants.