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International Research Journal of Medical Sciences and Health Care

Open Access Peer Review International
Open Access

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF LIVER CIRRHOSIS COMPLICATIONS

DOI https://doi.org/10.55640/irjmshc-v02i02-01
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Dr. Freddy Becket 1 ,
4 Consultant Hepatologist, Liver Disease Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

Abstract

Liver cirrhosis is a chronic and progressive liver disease characterized by the replacement of healthy liver tissue with scar tissue, leading to a decline in liver function. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, primarily due to complications such as portal hypertension, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, variceal bleeding, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The causes of cirrhosis are multifactorial, including viral hepatitis, excessive alcohol consumption, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and autoimmune hepatitis. This article provides an updated overview of the pathophysiology, complications, and management of liver cirrhosis, with a focus on recent advancements in the field. Current treatments aim to prevent or manage complications, slow disease progression, and improve quality of life. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for hepatitis C, novel pharmacological agents for managing ascites and portal hypertension, and advancements in liver transplantation have significantly improved outcomes. The management of cirrhosis remains a complex challenge, requiring a multidisciplinary approach that includes pharmacotherapy, interventional procedures, and, in some cases, liver transplantation. As the prevalence of cirrhosis continues to rise, especially with the increasing burden of metabolic diseases, ongoing research into antifibrotic therapies and liver regeneration strategies is crucial for improving the prognosis of patients with this condition.

Keywords

Liver Cirrhosis, Complications, Portal Hypertension

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