Man, and His Environmental Challenges: A Case Study of Waste Management in Uyo and its Environs 2018-2022
Abstract
Man's relationship with the environment has often been characterized by exploitation, negligence, and a troubling disregard for the ecological consequences of his actions. This paper analyzes the relationship between the anthropogenic factor and environmental decline using the particular case of waste management in Uyo and its surroundings from 2018 to 2022. This period summarizes a paradox as Akwa Ibom State took the award of the cleanest state in Nigeria for five years in a row whilst the mountain of waste management failure continued to rise throughout the state. The study uses an analytical historical methodology and utilizes documentary materials, journal articles, and fieldwork to reconstruct the history of the waste management crisis that took place during the period. Findings indicate a multifaceted history of institutional failure, infrastructural dereliction and the distressing incongruity between the environmental awards and the actual situation on ground. The year 2022 became the worst crisis period as the odour of the Uyo Village Road dumpsite, which was set up in 2013, after the Udo Street dumpsite was closed down due to it's reported menace, started to permeate into the Governor's Office Annex, State Judiciary headquarters, the Traditional Rulers Council Hall and even the Primary Healthcare Centre handling more than 500 babies and expectant mothers every day. The paper also confirms that the failure in managing waste did not exist in isolation but it overlapped with other environmental risks since poor disposal of the refuse posed a threat to the N13.6 billion pipe jacking drainage system which was put in place in 2011, thus fueling urban flooding. By 2023, the measures of the municipal waste within the state had surpassed 15,000 tons per day with the most critical areas recorded in Nwaniba Road, Ikpa Road, Itam Market, and Abak Roads. The paper concludes that the challenges posed by man to the environment in Uyo was not only exhibited in the piling of garbage but also the systemic failure of translating the institutional structures and national pride into an ecological cost-effective fusion on environmental practice with far-reaching consequences to the health and aesthetics of urban setting and the environment.
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