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Advanced Analytical Framework for High-Performance Work Systems and Workload Intensification: Investigating Mediating Mechanisms and Moderating Effects on Occupational Health and Employee Well-Being

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Dr. Teguh Santosa ¹ ,

⁴ Department of Computer Engineering Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia

Abstract

High-Performance Work Systems (HPWS) have been widely associated with improved organizational performance; however, growing evidence suggests that their implementation may also generate unintended employee-level consequences such as work intensification, psychological strain, and deteriorating health outcomes. This study develops and proposes a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) framework to examine the complex relationships between HPWS, work intensification, employee health harm, and well-being. Drawing on sustainable HRM theory and work–family conflict perspectives, the study conceptualizes work intensification as a key mediating mechanism through which HPWS influences employee health outcomes, while well-being is modeled as a distal outcome shaped by both direct and indirect pathways. Additionally, moderation effects are incorporated to account for boundary conditions such as workplace support and psychological resilience. Using insights from established SEM methodologies (Hair et al., 2017; Garson, 2016), the study proposes a comprehensive analytical architecture suitable for empirical validation. The findings contribute to HRM literature by reconciling the performance-enhancing logic of HPWS with its hidden health costs, offering a balanced sustainable HRM perspective.

Keywords

High-Performance Work Systems, Work Intensification, Employee Well-Being

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Advanced Analytical Framework for High-Performance Work Systems and Workload Intensification: Investigating Mediating Mechanisms and Moderating Effects on Occupational Health and Employee Well-Being

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