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International Research Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology

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Thermal Performance Analysis and Flow Dynamics of Nanofluid Cooling Systems for Advanced Mechanical Applications

DOI https://doi.org/10.55640/irjaet-v03i09-02
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Nguyen Minh Khoa 1 ,
4 Department of Engineering and Technology, Fictional Vietnam Institute of Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam

Abstract

The increasing thermal loads imposed on high-performance mechanical systems have intensified the need for cooling technologies capable of achieving enhanced heat removal without imposing excessive hydraulic penalties. Nanofluids, consisting of conventional heat-transfer fluids containing suspended nanoscale particles, have emerged as a promising approach because their thermophysical characteristics can be modified to improve convective heat transfer. This study develops an analytical framework for evaluating the thermal performance and flow behavior of nanofluid-based cooling systems for advanced mechanical applications. The methodology integrates thermal-transfer indicators, pressure-drop behavior, frictional effects, particle stability, and flow-regime considerations into a unified assessment structure. The analysis is grounded exclusively in the supplied literature, including foundational investigations of nanofluid heat-transfer enhancement, experimental studies of oxide nanofluids, tube-flow correlations, microchannel cooling, and stability-related considerations. The synthesized findings indicate that nanofluids can provide meaningful heat-transfer enhancement, but the thermal advantage is not independent of viscosity, concentration, flow regime, particle stability, and pumping requirements. In particular, the stability and thermophysical properties of oxide nanofluids are critical determinants of sustained cooling performance (Sajid, M., & Ali, S. (2019)). The study therefore positions nanofluid cooling as a multi-objective engineering problem in which maximum heat-transfer enhancement should be balanced against pressure losses and operational reliability. The proposed analytical framework provides a basis for comparing nanofluid cooling configurations and identifying application-specific operating conditions for advanced mechanical systems.

Keywords

Nanofluids, Thermal Performance, Heat Transfer Enhancement, Flow Dynamics

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