Open Access
PAKISTAN'S VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE: A REVIEW OF IMPACTS AND STRATEGIC RESPONSES
4
Department of Urban Planning COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
4
Environmental Research Center National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive review of the consequences of climate change in Pakistan, focusing on the major environmental, economic, and social impacts. Pakistan, ranked as one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change, is experiencing severe disruptions to its agriculture, water resources, and coastal ecosystems due to extreme weather events and changing climatic patterns. This study analyzes the causes and effects of climate change, evaluates the ongoing impacts, and explores the potential strategies for mitigation and adaptation. The review suggests that climate change in Pakistan has a significant impact on food security, water availability, and overall national stability, urging the need for immediate action at both governmental and societal levels to address these challenges.
Keywords
Climate change,
Pakistan,
environmental impact,
agriculture
References
UNDP (2019). "Pakistan: Climate Change and Sustainable Development." United Nations Development Programme.
IPCC (2021). "Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis." Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
Ali, G., & Khan, M. (2018). "Impact of Climate Change on Pakistan’s Agriculture and Water Resources." Environmental Research Journal, 36(4), 42-55.
Jabeen, F., & Chaudhry, H. (2020). "Health Impacts of Climate Change in Pakistan: A Review." Pakistani Journal of Health Sciences, 10(2), 90-104.
Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD). (2020). "Climate Change and Weather Patterns in Pakistan." Government of Pakistan.
FAO (2018). "The Impact of Climate Change on Food Security in Pakistan." Food and Agriculture Organization.
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